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Trying to discuss the picture criticism and the revival of Han in the Qing Dynasty
Author: Chen Yao (Xiang Yuelu Bookstore, Hunan University)
Source: “History of Chinese Philosophy” Issue 2, 2020
Abstract: The movement of picture criticism in the early Qing Dynasty and the revival of Han and Qianlong Jiaqing in the Qianlong and Jiaqing periods A few decades apart, the two adhered to a different attitude in criticizing the Books Yi, represented by the Later Heaven and Heluo in the Song Dynasty. However, in understanding the right path to counter the “Yi”, the former believed that they should follow the Yi study of Wang Bi and Cheng Xi, and take the principle of studying theory as their mission; while the latter raised the banner of “Hanxue” and advocated restoring the tradition of the two Han graphic Yi. Therefore, the simulation of graphics criticism has nothing to do with “Hanxue”. The “Hanxue” model in the Qing Dynasty Yixue was reduced in its adaptability, and its starting point was postponed to Huiqi. The “Clash of Han and Song” and the “Two Schools and Six Sects” respectively match the two Han Dynasty numbers Yi with the Song Dynasty Book Yi, Yi Yi and Yi Yi, but neither of them can be fairly determined in the dichotomy, the Yi Yi Yi, and the Yi Yi, the Yi Yi, the Yi Yi, the Yi Yi, and the Yi Yi. Three points of symbols, theory, and book can be used as a modification plan for the easy-to-science type plot in history.
Keywords: “Book of Changes”; Hanxue; Book of Changes; Huang Zongxi; Hu Wei; Huiqi;
The academic atmosphere from science to school has turned to the same In the past, they have been regarded as the most serious academic transformation between the Ming and Qing dynasties. In the more difficult discussions over the past hundred years, the grand transformation of the Yixue research paradigm has also been listed as a representative example of the transformation of academic transformation in the early Qing Dynasty by students such as Liang Qichao, Yu Mu, and Yu Yingjun. They generally believe that early Qing scholars Huang Zongxi, Hu Wei, Mao Qijun and others worked hard to start a critical campaign for the Song Dynasty Book Yixue, which almost ended the study of Heluo and the acquired in the Song, Yuan and Ming dynasties, but also marked that the academic tradition began to usher in the revival of the Qing Dynasty. After Huiqi wrote “Yihan Xue”, the development of Yishui in the Qing Dynasty began to usher in the revival of Han Xue. On the one hand, a large number of scholars such as Zhang Huiyan, Sun Tang, and Li Daotong who were interested in cleaning up and relieving Yishui in the Han Xue Dynasty appeared. On the other hand, it also greatly affected the overall route and format of the structure and development of Qian and Jiajia academics.
Due to the grand change from science to academic transformation and the grand influence of the “Han” in the Qing Dynasty, in the existing research on the academic history of the Qing Dynasty, the early Qing Dynasty picture criticism and the revival of Qianlong and Jiaqing Han schools are often placed in a radically developed logical system for explanation. For example, Liang Qichao used the four-stage discussion of “birth, residence, strangeness, and qi” in the teachings to make the criticism of Huang Zongxi, Hu Wei and others of the Book of Changes to the Restoration of Hanxue, while Hui Qi and others built the “Hanxue” building on the basis of the former. 【2】This form has a profound influence in the history of academics, but in the eyes of those who write, there are many points to explore: First, can the criticism of Heluo and Acquired Learning include the internal logic of returning to Han? Secondly, the direction of “Hanxue” is indeed a one-night feature of Yixue in the Qing Dynasty, but when did this direction come about? This article describes the followingWe will advance the above questions and carry out discussions and discussions on a step-by-step basis.
1. The historical separation between the critical evaluation of pictures and the revival of Hanxue
The three-part group of books in the Book Yixue, the successive and the Taijiu Picture all started in the Northern Song Dynasty [3], Baohuang.com dcard Although at the beginning of the book Yixue, European and Yang Xiu and other students denounced the unreasonable fabrication of this type of imagery based on the name of the “Book of Changes”, these pictures were adapted and compiled by Zhu Zi during the Southern Song Dynasty and formed the “Book of Changes” imagery system named after the After Heaven, Heluo and Taiji that we see tomorrow. Since then, these Yi pictures gradually became popular in the Song, Yuan and Ming dynasties, becoming the “display” in Yixue research. According to the notes of large books such as “Four Library Complete Books”, “Four Library Catalog Books”, “Surrent Repair of Four Library Complete Books”, “Big Books Collection”, “Big Class Collection”, “No Seeking to Prepare Yizhu Integration”, “Zhouyi Pictures General Edit”, etc., including Easy Learning Works with Hetuluo Books, Accompanying Pictures, Taiyang Pictures and other contents, accounting for more than half of the Yizhu literature in this period, and becoming the absolute mainstream of Yizhu research.
At the end of the Ming and early Qing dynasties, with the dramatic changes in the political format and social environment, academic ecology began to undergo significant changes, and the change in the paradigm of Yixue Research is the first example of its impact. Among this academic transformation movement, the “Mathematical Analysis of the Illusion” written by Huang Zongxi, one of the “Three Masters of the Early Qing Dynasty”. Huang conducted a glittering discussion on the origin and rationality of the Hebei Pictures, Luo Books, and Acupuncture Pictures. By replacing the theoretical structure, he denied it as “a lewd square skill” and “a sucking horn-selling horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching horn-snatching The closest ones were his younger brother Huang Zongyan, as well as Mao Qiyan and Hu Wei, who were also a Zhejiang scholar. Huang Zongyan wrote “Diagnosis on the Confusion”, and Mao Qi-ge wrote “Zhongshi Yi”, “Taiyang Diagram Speech Conclusion”, and “The Original Mahjong of Hetuluo Books”. He specializes in attacking the mistakes of “Taiyang Diagrams”, and especially points out the spear to the intrinsic concept of “Taiyang Diagrams” as the focus, mocking his statements from the two schools of Tao and Buddhism, so they are not the regular Confucian schooling, and the theory should be rejected in full. Based on the basis of Huang Zongxi, Huang Zongyan, Mao Qiyan, Li Jun and others, Hu Wei summarized the review of the Song Dynasty Book Yi Xue in this period in the book “Yi Diagram Mingbian”. In addition to keeping the “Tai Yang Diagram” without any discussion, it is clear that the answers and discussions will be combined with this knowledge competition program. Participant – Jiabao clarified Heluo and “Well, I’ll see you again.” The source and rationale of the picture were solved from the most basic perspective, and the legal compliance of the book YixueBaosheng Sweetheart Network was in line with the law. In the previous sentence of this case, the book Yixue, which was very excited during the Song and Ming dynasties, almost ended here.
Liang Qichao especially emphasized the criticism of early Qing scholars on Book Yixue, and believed that this academic movement was a “big reaction of thinking” [5], and the examination of the ancient text “Shangshu” by Guan Ruoju is the peak of the transformation of academic practice in the early Qing Dynasty. As a result of the influence of this movement, the academic history has been a combination of the detailed and meticulous academic style with the Qianlong and Jiaqing “Hanxue” and believes that the early Qing scholars’ examination of easy drawings has already implied the budding of the Qianlong and Jiaqing “Hanxue” style, which is actually the pioneer of the latter. For example, Chen Jujing taught me: “The revival of the 18th generation of Han studies was about to emerge in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.” [6]
When it comes to the founding of “Han Studies” in the Qianlong and Jiaqing periods, Huiqi, the first major student of the “Wu School”. In his
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